Unix vs Linux: What Is The Difference?

The two terms look similar but there are significant differences between both.

Unix is a proprietary operating system created in 1970, although there are now free derivative versions. UNIX is usually favored for largescale environments like universities, big enterprises or companies. The proprietary version today has a number of variants that developed over time but are mostly based on one of original editions. A few of the top ones are - Sun's Solaris, Hewlett-Packard's HP-UX, Mac OS X and IBM's AIX®

“Linux is a free source version of the same idea of UNIX, behaving similarly but not a clone per se“

The development of Linux started off with a desire to have a free alternative to Unix. In early 1980s the GNU project developed a free version of Unix, and decided to adopt the kernel which was being written by Linus Torvalds. Linux in itself is only a kernel while Unix is a complete operating system with all components coming from a single source. Linux in conjunction with GNU Project is a complete system, and the code is freely available.

A few popular names in Linux Distribution (Operating System) are Redhat Enterprise Linux, Debian Linux, Fedora Linux, Suse Enterprise Linux, Ubuntu Linux

Read more: Howto use Unix in Informatica? Use of UNIX in Informatica

Understanding the Differences

Although they share the same foundations, Linux & Unix have a number of technical differences.Primarily commercial Unix versions remain largely consistent as they follow published standards, retaining established norms. Linux on the other hand is more diverse. Different developers have developed different versions modifying elements as required. This often makes it difficult for developers to switch between versions or keep track of changes.

Both software packages come with their own set of tools, firewall systems, backup software, and other applications.

A major difference is in the filesystems support. Linux was created for personal computer but it’s more flexible than UNIX as it supports far many more file-system types than UNIX. This flexibility has made Linux an extremely popular and powerful tool. Commercial Unix versions usually supports two or three filesystem types but Linux supports almost all the different filesystem types that are available under any form of operating system. Not surprisingly, Linux is today used on a wide variety of hardware ranging from mobile phones, or video game systems to supercomputers.

Linux has numerous forms of operating systems available– both free and paid. Cheaper than the commercial versions, the paid versions offer support, training and consultancy services.  For Unix, a commercial license would need to be procured for deploying the software.

Read more about UNIX - Unix inDetail

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How to Delete All Files In a Directory Except Few Files in LINUX /UNIX

First let’s go through the RM command in UNIX:

The rm command is used in Unix / Linux to remove a file or a directory. The syntax is as follows:

Syntax:

rm [OPTION] [FILE] 

OPTION’s include

> rm –f {file-name} – To remove files forcefully without prompting to the user.

> rm –i {file-name} – To remove files by prompting to the user for confirming.

> rm –r {file-name} – To remove files in directories recursively.

Now we will see how to delete All Files in Directory except Few files>

1) USING RM COMMAND:

To remove all files from directory /home/opt/class/ except .log and .zip

> rm /home/opt/class/ !(*.zip|*.log)

To remove all files except a specific file (file123)

> rm  !(file123)

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF UNIX

UNIX computer operating system (A command Line based OS) was developed in early 1970’s at Bell Laboratories in the USA.
Because of the High reliability, scalability and powerful features UNIX remains as popular operating system. Some of big companies like Sun Microsystems, Apple Inc., Hewlett-Packard and AT&T, which is the original (parent company) uses UNIX. 

Depending on the kind of use of UNIX  has both Advantages and Disadvantages. Talking about the Advantages:

How to do Sorting in UNIX???

UNIX sort allows us to sort data in numeric, alphabetic and reverse order whether it’s of column or multiple columns with delimiters. Sort order can be restricted to individual columns and then merged to one single file. Sorting becomes handy in many situations.

Syntax

sort [options] [files...]

Sort Order Commands

Sort -o	Filename to write sorted output to file, if not given then write to standard output.
Sort –d	Sort in dictionary order
Sort –n	Sort in numeric order(smallest first)
Sort -r	Sort in reverse order (z on top and a on bottom)
Sort –nr	Sort in  reverse numeric order
Sort +1	Sort starting with field 1 (starting from 0)
Sort +0.50	Sort starting with 50th character
Sort +1.5	Sort starting with 5th character of field 1
Sort -c	To see if a file is sorted (error message returned if not)
Sort -u	Suppress duplicate lines and output Identical input lines once.
Sort -M	Sort by month (JAN.FEB, MAR) Note that non-months are sorted first and uppercase letters precede lowercase letters for identical months.
Sort -k 1	Sort starting with the first character of the first field and continuing through the end of the line.

Below we have explained some examples which will make it easy to understand and perform sorting.

1. Simple Sort  .i.e. sort in alphabetical order starting from the first character

Example 1

$ cat sort_number.txt

100

232

3

1

44444

99

$ sort sort_number.txt

1

100

232

3

44444

99

Note: The above records are sorted alphabetically, not mathematically sorted.Same with below

Example 2

$ cat myfile

Saina

Eesto

Jaffer

Michael

$ sort myfile

Eesto

Jaffer

Michael

Saina

How to run Informatica Workflow using Unix command

To run the workflow first need to got the command line and go to the folder where the executable is installed. Mostly you can find the pmcmd command in \server\bin\directory.

Syntax:

pmcmd startworkflow -sv <Integration Service Name> -d <Domain Name> -u <Integration Service Username> -p <Password> -f <Folder Name> <Workflow>

pmcmd startworkflow -sv qpd_Service -d qpd_Domain -u Administrator -p admin -f Alex wf_sales_tax

Before that we need to configure the environment variables and make the necessary changes

• Go to control panel->systems->advanced ->environment variable->system variable and add a new system variable and in the variable value set the path of your server machine where informatica is installed (where pmcmd.exe file is present)

• After that Go to control panel->systems->advanced ->environment variable->system variable and there you can see the PATH variable present just add a “; “ at the end and add the path

How to use Unix in Informatica? Use of UNIX in Informatica

Hi guys, you may be well aware of Informatica through the posts that I have put before.Now we will see how important is Unix in Informatica.
 

Informatica server can be installed either on  Windows or Unix.When installed on Windows its easy to handle ,but in case of Unix we need to know about the scripts like PMCMD for aborting workflow and scheduling jobs or running workflows etc.

For Example in order to start workflow in command line mode we have to use:

pmcmd StartWorkflow

<<-service|-sv> service [<-domain|-d> domain] [<-timeout|-t> timeout]>

<<-user|-u> username|<-uservar|-uv> userEnvVar>

<<-password|-p> password|<-passwordvar|-pv> passwordEnvVar>

 [<-folder|-f> folder]

[<-recovery|-norecovery>]

[<-paramfile> paramfile]

[<-localparamfile|-lpf> localparamfile]

[<-osprofile|-o> OSUser]

[-wait|-nowait]

[<-runinsname|-rin> runInsName]

Workflow

Also apart from that we can use Unix in many other cases also like

• To create Paramerter files or some other important files on Informatica
• For sending emails to users
• To check flat  files if they are in proper or not
• Used to delete,insert and update during Pre and Post sessions